Antimicrobial Action of Water-Soluble β-Chitosan against Clinical Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria
نویسندگان
چکیده
Recently, the number of patients infected by drug-resistant pathogenic microbes has increased remarkably worldwide, and a number of studies have reported new antibiotics from natural sources. Among them, chitosan, with a high molecular weight and α-conformation, exhibits potent antimicrobial activity, but useful applications as an antibiotic are limited by its cytotoxicity and insolubility at physiological pH. In the present study, the antibacterial activity of low molecular weight water-soluble (LMWS) α-chitosan (α1k, α5k, and α10k with molecular masses of 1, 5, and 10 kDa, respectively) and β-chitosan (β1k, β5k, and β10k) was compared using a range of pathogenic bacteria containing drug-resistant bacteria isolated from patients at different pH. Interestingly, β5k and β10k exhibited potent antibacterial activity, even at pH 7.4, whereas only α10k was effective at pH 7.4. The active target of β-chitosan is the bacterial membrane, where the leakage of calcein is induced in artificial PE/PG vesicles, bacterial mimetic membrane. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy showed that they caused significant morphological changes on the bacterial surfaces. An in vivo study utilizing a bacteria-infected mouse model found that LMWS β-chitosan could be used as a candidate in anti-infective or wound healing therapeutic applications.
منابع مشابه
Antimicrobial and Antifungal Effects of Acid and Water-Soluble Chitosan Extracted from Indian Shrimp (Fenneropenaeus indicus) Shell
Background & Objective : Currently, efforts are underway to seek new and effective antimicrobial agents, and marine resources are potent candidates for this aim. The following study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of water-soluble and acid-soluble chitosan against some pathogenic organisms. Materials & Method s: Inhibition zone of different concentrations (5, 7.5, and 10 mg/ml) of a...
متن کاملEvaluation of growth inhibition activity of myxobacterial extracts against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
The worldwide dissemination of multi drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains has caused serious concern and high rate of mortality in recent decades that originate from limited effective antibiotics in the treatment of A. baumannii infections. Myxobacteria are Gram-negative bacteria that are important for their complex lifestyle and production of novel structurally secondary metabolites ...
متن کاملNitric Oxide-Releasing Chitosan for the Treatment of Multi-Drug Resistant Superbugs
Background. Multi-drug resistant superbugs are a serious health threat due to limited treatment options and high mortality rates. Certain superbug strains are now resistant to as many as 36 representative FDA-approved antibiotics, including Colistin and Carbapenem antibiotics, widely considered as the last line of defense against untreatable infections. Nitric oxide (NO) is a diatomic free radi...
متن کاملتاثیر درجه داستیلاسیون کیتوزان بر مهار رشد سودومونا آئروژینوزا بیمارستانی
Background and purpose: Chitin, which entails the most abundant biopolymer in nature after cellulose, having found numerous applications in food processing, cosmetics, agriculture, medical and environment. Natural sources of this polymer are component of exoskeletons of crustaceans and insects as well as cell walls from some bacteria and fungi. Chitosan is a partially deacetylated polymer of ...
متن کاملDiscovery of Antifungal Compounds from Kampo Medicine Against Dermatophytes
Background. Multi-drug resistant superbugs are a serious health threat due to limited treatment options and high mortality rates. Certain superbug strains are now resistant to as many as 36 representative FDA-approved antibiotics, including Colistin and Carbapenem antibiotics, widely considered as the last line of defense against untreatable infections. Nitric oxide (NO) is a diatomic free radi...
متن کامل